Get information about Mudumalai, Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu
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Get information about Mudumalai, Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu |
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MADUMALAI
ATTRACTIONS Mudumalai means old hills. It was one of the first wildlife sanctuaries in the country and is also one of the most beautiful. In summer, the deciduous trees shed their green leaves and adopt a floral garb. With the arrival of the monsoons, fruits and tender greens surface. Mudumalai is actually made up of a number of old forest shooting blocks -- Kargudi, Theppakkadu and Masinagudi, set up for big game. Today they are a safe refuge for the largest land mammal on earth, the elephant. Gaur are also found in large numbers. Both cross over to and from Bandipur and large herds are easily seen. Splendid specimens of chital and sambar complete the picture of paradise in which the tiger also roams. Terrain Mudumalai is located at the foot of the Nilgiri hills or Blue Mountains, in Tamil Nadu. The Bandipur National Park in the north and the Wynad Wildlife Sanctuary in the west adjoin Mudumalai, which lies at lower elevations ranging from 350-1,250 m. Its varied terrain consists of hills, valleys, ravines, flats and swampland. The highest point is at Markundarai Betta 1,266 m above sea level. Mudumalai receives more rain than Bandipur and many small streams drain the park. Thick forests are found here snaking through the heavy undergrowth. The Moyar river, which is perennial, and also the most important water source, runs north to south across the area while its tributaries flow in the east; the Bennehole flows in the west. History The forests in the Mudumalai area were once in the care of the Trimalapad religious sect of the Nilambar temple who leased them to merchants who wanted the forests' rich timber. In 1862, a 99-year lease was awarded to the then existing government that governed the area where present-day Tamil Nadu stands, at a yearly charge of Rs 3,500. Mudumalai was conceded to the government on sole ownership basis in 1914. In 1927, it became a reserve forest. A 23 sq km patch was recognised as a wildlife sanctuary in 1940. During World War II, the interiors of the forest were used as a camp to train soldiers to be sent to Burma. It was as late as 1977 that an area of 321 sq km including Mudumalai and some parts of the Sigur hills fell within the purview of the sanctuary. The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve encompasses Bandipur and Wynad in the bordering states, besides the Mudumalai sanctuary. Mudumalai became a region of conflict with each of the three states - Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu - claiming the area within their respective geographical boundaries. Animals that you can see The sanctuary is mainly an elephant preserve, with over 600 pachyderms here, the largest concentration of elephants in India. Local migrations do occur but there are about 400 individuals in the reserve at any given time. They can be found near the river in summer and during the rains roam throughout the sanctuary. As for predators, there are more panthers than tigers. You can also see jackals on the hunt for smaller animals. At least three different packs of dholes or wild dogs are operational in Mudumalai, largely preying on deer. The sloth bear is drawn to fruit, honey and termites, while the small mouse deer or the Indian chevrotain seek hideouts in the grasses or small bushes. Chital, sambar, gaur, tiger, panther, dhole, sloth bear and the wild boar are among the other denizens of the park. The reticent gaur is a survivor who has successfully overcome the 1968 rinderpest epidemic. Fawns can be seen in large clusters in the summer. Mangalapatti, the thorny eastern end of Mudumalai, is populated with the blackbuck but in the heart of the forest there are only isolated sightings. Areas with thick vegetal cover in the moist deciduous regions host a profusion of barking deer or muntjac. You can see the chausingha in dry lands between the deciduous forests and the areas serrated with profuse growth of scrub Jungle cats, porcupine, mongoose and civet are other residents. Snakes and lizards camouflage themselves in the scrub and the common monitor lazes at ease on the roads Bonnet macaques help disperse fruit seeds; you can't miss them on their frivolous excursions along the riverside and near fruiting trees. You can also spot the Malabar giant squirrel on tall trees in the forested areas. Otters and crocodiles, both of whom hunt fish, populate the Moyar River. The croaking of frogs is part of the jungle chorus during the monsoons. |
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